How Cognitive Load Affects The Brain Essay - 1889 Words

Studying seems to be something every college students puts off until the last minute. Or something they just completely ignore, relying on their memorization skills to hopefully have improved since the material was covered last. Undergraduate students have a habit of using either cramming or spacing as their study methods before an exam. Cognitive load not only impacts how much an individual can remember at the moment, but it also impacts how much an individual can remember over time. While some students believe cramming before a big exam is the best for them, studies on how cognitive load impacts the brain say otherwise. In order to improve memorization as well as test scores, it is best for students to understand their cognitive loads, and how it affects their everyday lives. In Nicholas Carr’s article â€Å"Cognitive Load,† he introduces cognitive overload as a reoccurring element in everyday life. Carr describes working memory as the mind’s temporary infor mation store. Furthermore, he believes that if instead of trying to process and learn everything at once, we instead break it into pieces. Covering only a little at a time and gradually putting the pieces together kind of like a puzzle. Cramming is often a studying habit that most college students, as well as high school students, turn to the night before an exam. In Shelby McIntyre and J. Michael Munson’s journal entry â€Å"Exploring Cramming Student Behaviors, Beliefs, and Learning Retention in the Principle of MarketingShow MoreRelatedHow Cognitive Load Affects The Brain Essay1890 Words   |  8 Pagesexam. Cognitive load not only impacts how much an individual can remember at the moment, but it also impacts how much an individual can remember over time. While some students believe cramming before a big exam is the best for them, studies on how cognitive load impacts the brain say otherwise. In order to improve memorization as well as test scores, it is best for students to understand their cognitive loads, and how it affects their everyday lives. In Nicholas Carr’s article â€Å"Cognitive LoadRead MoreClinical Psychology Questionnaire1272 Words   |  5 Pagesbased practices and clinically sound research. Ideas evolved from primarily case study approaches to laboratory control. As scientific thought has emerged, the pendulum has shifted towards a combination of behavioral approaches and cognitive factors. For instance, Cognitive Behavioral Theory, involves more structured approaches such as relaxation techniques or self-talk, empirically supported treatments, and analysis of specific thoughts on behavior (Gurman Messner, 2003). 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Nervousness occurs because there is typically a fear of negative consequences if one is discovered lying. Control comes from a response to hide appearing nervous. By trying to suppress nervous behavior, there are typically side effects of overacting and rehearsed and planned impressions. When a persons voice rises in pitch when they lie, it is because they are trying to insert so much control that they tense up. Cognitive load is in reference to that lyingRead MoreAn Inside Look in Multiple Sclerosis Essay1211 Words   |  5 Pagesthe myelin sheath that covers the nerves in the body and affects the brain and spinal cord (Mayo Clinic Sta ff, 2014). The myelin sheath is used for protection of the nerves in which these nerves aid to transport nerve impulses all over the body (Ruto, 2013). Once the body’s immune system attacks the myelin sheath, it begins to disintegrate which affects the conductivity of the nerve impulse and impedes the message transmission from the brain to the rest of the body (Ruto, 2013). In turn, the impulses

Income Inequality Free Essays

string(58) " money to hire more doctors and nurses \(Soroka, 2007, p\." Currently there are many problems and flaws with the way the Canadian government’s policies deal with healthcare, income inequality and poverty. Time to time changes in policies have been made, perhaps to improve these issues, however, the gap between rich and poor keeps increasing and there is very little improvement in healthcare and the economy. In fact, healthcare keeps on becoming costly. We will write a custom essay sample on Income Inequality or any similar topic only for you Order Now Major issues like income inequality and poverty are not being taken care of by the government. According to Dr. Raphael (2002) poverty is caused by several reasons such as inequality in people’s income, weak social services and lack of other social supports (p. VI). He states, â€Å"Poverty directly harms the health of those with low incomes while income inequality affects the health of all Canadians through the weakening of social infrastructure and the destruction of social cohesion. †(Raphael, 2002, p. VI) Income inequality and poverty are interrelated with the way government structures policy decisions in its social and economic sphere (Raphael, 2002, p. VI). Dr. Raphael (2002) also claims that the health effects of poverty is strongly related to income inequality and poverty because societies that has high levels of poverty is bound to be economically unequal (p. 4). Canada’s government policies are inefficient in preventing income inequality and poverty. We do not get to see the whole picture as to how the Canadian government ignores and/or fails to provide services in all parts of Canada who requires improvement of healthcare, prevent income inequality and poverty. People who are living in urban areas are extensively lacking access to healthcare. The population in rural areas of Canada are lower than the population in urban areas. As a result, the government provides less healthcare in rural, northern and remote areas (Hay, Varga-Toth, Hines, 2006, p. III). I believe government is able to do this because people in cities knows less and/or cares less about people living in rural and remote areas. And perhaps government purposely ignores these people in rural areas. For decades aboriginal people living in these areas has been deprived of their rights whether it was healthcare, social assistance, jobs and access to daily needs and services. These aboriginal people often face issues such as poverty and occupational hazards (Hay, Varga-Toth, Hines, 2006, p. III). The reason these problems occur is because government policies are not implemented properly in these areas and the health care professionals in these areas are also not trained properly and there are less staff members workings at these rural areas (Hay, Varga-Toth, Hines, 2006, p. V). There are shortages of doctors and nurses. There is less community health services in these areas. Also these areas are purposely given less funding by government and private organizations (Hay, Varga-Toth, Hines, 2006, p. V). The reports are not being prepared accurately for these areas and government does not make enough efforts to evaluate these reports properly (Hay, Varga-Toth, Hines, 2006, p. V). Some of the major healthcare services are lacking, such as major trauma, mental health services, palliative care, aged care, dental health services and children with special needs. I n most areas these services are not offered and sometimes culturally and linguistically they are not available (Hay, Varga-Toth, Hines, 2006, p. V). This means that in many cases a patient has to travel a great distance in order to get these services and this means spending a great deal of money from their own pocket and if they do not have it, they have no choice but to receive no services or care (Hay, Varga-Toth, Hines, 2006, p. 25). Also women’s healthcare is a significant issue in rural areas. They have difficulties with giving births as there are not enough medically trained doctors for deliveries in rural areas (Hay, Varga-Toth, Hines, 2006, p. 25). They often rely on family physicians and physicians trained in anaesthesiology to have deliveries done. Also there has been many closers of hospitals in these rural areas. As a result, now women too have to travel a great distance to have their deliveries done by a professional. Some women have to reach cities 1 month prior to their delivery and pay all their own expenses (Hay, Varga-Toth, Hines, 2006, p. 25) Because of all these hospital closures and reduced services now there are problems with surgical procedures and pharmacists. Most of the doctors and pharmacists does not stay long in these areas. They leave the community and return to cities (Hay, Varga-Toth, Hines, 2006, p. 26) Also these rural areas do not receive much care for alcohol problems and HIV/AIDS. These services are poorly served. Aboriginals are also not given proper education in how to prevent these diseases (Hay, Varga-Toth, Hines, 2006, p. 26). These are some major issues that government fails to address or as it seems they choose purposely to ignore because these issues has been going on for decades. The government should be a bit responsible with making better policies and taking expert advices constantly to improve the policies. That is why we pay high taxes and high price for goods and services, so that the government should be always on their toe and working hard to make sure we get better and efficient policies. Policies that would help reduce inequalities and poverty in Canada. There are problems in cities too regarding healthcare access. Access such as emergency services, diagnostic equipment and medical specialist are problematic (Soroka, 2007, p. 15). Wait times get longer and longer each year (Soroka, 2007, p. 5). For example, a 50 year old women would have to wait 6 months for her biopsy, a 65 year old man who needs hip replacement has to wait 6-12 months for the surgery (Soroka, 2007, p. 15). There are also delays and lack of service for home care for senior citizens and elderly mentally challenged people. According to author Soroka (2007) 87 percent Canadians claim t hat there is a great amount of lacking in the number of doctors and nurses (p. 16). This happens because government is failing to provide more money to hire more doctors and nurses (Soroka, 2007, p. You read "Income Inequality" in category "Papers" 16). Yet, the government brings in many immigrant doctors and nurses based on their education who still can not find a job in Canada. So it seems that even when there is qualified doctors and nurses available, they government is failing or not investing enough amount of money to hire them. According to Green and Milligan (2007) the gap between Canada’s rich and poor has increased significantly from year 1980 to 2000 (p. 3). The study shows that rich and poor are heading in different directions at an extreme level where the top 1% earners and CEOs only getting richer while middle and the poor only gets poorer (Green Milligan, 2007, P. ). As an example Green and Milligan (2007) shows that during 1980 to 2000 top 5% Canadian earners earned about $121,260 disposable income where as the bottom 5% families had only $3,104 as disposable income (p. 3). This means that the top earners had 39 times higher income bottom 5% earners (Green Milligan, 2007, p. 3). The study suggests that the Ca nadian government’s used income tax policies in order to widen this gap of inequality between rich and poor (Green Milligan, 2007, p. 4). Green and Milligan (2007) states, â€Å"In 2000, the top 10% of income earners had a disposable income of approximately $97,000. That’s 16 times more than the average of $5,900 earned by the bottom 10% of income earners. †(P. 7) While top earners income rose, the bottom earners income remained the same (Green Milligan, 2007, p. 7). Also in a Globe Mail newspaper article author Tavia Grant (2008) points out that an average earner in the year 2005 earned about $41,401 which is almost the same as an average earner 1980 who earned $41,348 (p. 2). Therefore, it is evident that the poor and less advantaged are being kept at the same level of income and resources, while expenses and prices of goods and services has always gone up. As a result, it is the middle and the poor class who suffers by paying the price unfairly, because their income never increase and also their income stayed at the same level for 20 years. According to Grant (2008) 11. 4 percent lives below low income which is considered a poverty line (p. 3). Also immigrants in Canada earn way less then a Canadian born worker. Statistics show that immigrant men earned 63 cents for each dollar a Canadian-born worker earns (Grant, 2008, p. 3). In general, women earn about 85 cents for every dollar men earn (Grant, 2008, p. 3). Lower income deprives basic needs of human life, it leads to depression and it also leads to poverty sometimes. According to Mikkonen Raphael (2010) Canada’s richest neighbourhood’s residents on average, live four years more than the poorest neighbourhood (p. 12). Their study finds that the most deprived Canadians had 28% higher death rates than the least deprived Canadians. Also health issues are a major concern because the poor has far more health issues like heart attacks and diabetes (Mikkonen Raphael, 2010, p. 12). They lack resource and information. The poorest neighbourhoods also have a much higher suicide rate (Mikkonen Raphael, 2010, p. 12). Therefore, in Canada it is evident that income inequality is not being addressed by government policies, it is depriving and affecting the poor and the immigrants, and it is also making them vulnerable where it becomes really difficult to climb out of their situation. Sweden’s government has a different policy for income inequality and poverty. As author Palme (2006) indicates that Sweden’s government is doing well in promoting reduction in poverty and inequality (P. 16). Swedish government has a universal model of social protection. This social protection plan reaches out to venerable people in both rural and urban areas. This plan protects women’s labour force, aging population, all kinds of workers and salary based employees (Palme, 2006, p. 16). The plan also combines both public and private sector where improvement is necessary. There are three basic parts o this program. First, family support and old-age pension program which comes under citizenship benefits. Secondly, for different sectors of society there is a universal scheme which is the social earning insurance. Finally, there is housing benefits and social assistance in which income is verified and tested for families with elders and children (Palme, 2006, p. 16). By using these tactics the Swedish government has been successful in reducing overall inequalities to some extent (Palme, 2006, p. 16). Our government has somewhat similar policies for social services and assistance. However, Sweden pushes the boundaries in making the policies better and providing better services to its citizen. Perhaps Canadian government should also look to other countries and/or advices, it does not have to be Sweden, but they should at least try and find different policies that works better for Canadians. One of the major crisis that the Canadian middle and the working class is facing today is coming out of the 2008 world wide recession. Minimum wage is still very low compared to the rising prices of goods and expenses. During the recession people lost jobs, hours were cut and a lot of people were laid off. In order to survive and pay their bills, a lot of low income Canadians had no choice but to borrow and acquire huge amounts of debts. However, most of the top earners and CEOs kept the same paycheques that they were earning before the recession, while the working class took and are still taking most of the financial blow (CBC News, 2011). This makes their lives even more difficult. Therefore, much of countries capital money is circulating at the top, the vast middle and working class does not have the purchasing power to keep the economy flowing. For a short term goal I would like to propose ‘tax reforms’. Tax reforms that is going to reduce taxes for middle and the working class. Also provide a wage support. Increase marginal income tax on the top earners and limit their earnings. There are a lot of elites and CEOs in Canada who are fortunate and skilled enough to earn a very high income. For example, if someone is earning $500, 000 or $5 million a year then they should pay much higher income tax than what they are paying now. Their tax money should be used not only to evenly distribute, but they should be used to better health services, education, social services and transportation. This way it will not only circulate the money back to middle and working class but it will also help families and individual advance in their life. This helps society as a whole. There are several reasons why government should accept my policy rather than accepting others policies. It is common sense that first and the most important basic need for human is being stable mentally and physically. To maintain this stability you need food, shelter, health, clothing and most importantly education. When people are deprived of these basic needs because of poverty or less income, then the outcome might only be negative consequences and there also might be a social crisis. A society cannot function and/or improve without meeting these basic needs. A society also cannot improve without better education, better healthcare and better social assistances. Therefore, government of Canada should look to invest in poor and hard working people with low income, by providing their basic needs and by educating them in different areas of the policies we have and how to get help from different social assistance programs. Perhaps the government should also take public opinions, discussions and ideas into consideration while making major decisions and policies because it’s the people’s problems that they need to address and the only way to address them is to find out first hand what the real problems are, and what are the best means by which the government can provide efficient and helpful service to the public. The government should also improve income distribution and tax policies. I believe there is no better investment than investing in every person in society and government should focus on improving human capital. In the long run, investing in improvement of human capital improves society and mankind as a whole. How to cite Income Inequality, Papers

Strategic Communication Plan IMC Model For Chain Store

Question: Discuss about the Term for Strategic Communication Plan of IMC Model For Chain Store. Answer: Introduction: Today, vaccines are considered as the safest, most pocket-friendly and powerful means to curb deaths and fight diseases. With the help of continuous research and developments, we have been made available with powerful vaccines to combat diseases that affect infants and children. A major milestone in the journey of the WHO has been the eradication of the smallpox. WHO celebrates seven public health days across the globe with the motive of spreading awareness about health issues. Following are the seven official days of public health: The World TB Day The World Health Day The World Malaria Day World No Tobacco Day World Blood Donor Day The World Hepatitis Day The World AIDS Day With the initiatives of WHO, mortality due to measles has dropped by 79%. As per the statistic, in a year over 18 million infants do not receive basic vaccines. This is because some people do not have proper access to health care services and some people are uninformed about immunization. A large number of infants and children die every year due to measles, tetanus, Haemophilus influenza type b, malaria, rotavirus, diarrhoea, yellow fever, hepatitis b, pneumonia, and malnutrition. It is very important to create awareness among parents about the various vaccinations that are available. Children should receive these vaccines at the prescribed age to protect them from diseases (Bisht 2016). Following are some of the vaccines available for children: BCG (for tuberculosis), rotavirus vaccine, HIB (for Haemophilus influenza type B), hepatitis-A, hepatitis-B, DTP/DPT (for diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis), MMR (for measles, mumps, rubella). Measles is an infection that affects the respiratory system and it is a contagious disease. Many children under the age of five die due to measles across the globe. The number of deaths caused due to measles has reduced over the past few years due to the availability of a vaccine against measles (Masadeh et al. 2014). Many parents do not get their children vaccinated against measles due to the fear of side-effects. Following are the symptoms of measles: High fever Redness in eyes A dry cough, sore throat, running nose Body aches Skin rashes To prevent measles, MMR vaccine is available which provides protection against measles, mumps, and rubella. The 1st dosage of this vaccine is given when the child becomes 12 months old and the second dose is given when the child is 4-6 years of age. Children should always be vaccinated against measles before travelling abroad (Masadeh et al. 2014). The National Health Authority of Somalia has decided to run a free vaccination programme against measles for children with the main objective to bring down deaths caused due to measles. Following are the elements of a strategic communication plan developed for creating an awareness campaign about the free vaccination programme against measles for children initiated by the National Health Authority of Somalia: Research methodology Research includes gathering data, information and facts for the enhancement of knowledge. Secondary data were used for the research. The data has been collected from various websites and articles. Data was collected to understand the availability of vaccines against various diseases, initiatives taken by WHO, the reason for high mortality of children due to measles and measures taken by the National Health Authority of Somalia to curb measles (Morin et al. 2012). Internal analysis It is very important to have an assessment of the financial, infrastructural, and technical and human resources that are available. National Health Authority of Somalia has a sound financial and human resources to run the free vaccination programme against measles (Schferhoff 2014). They have hired 2500 people more about this programme. External analysis PEST (Political, Economic, Socio-cultural and Technological) analysis has been done to analyse the external factors. Political factors- These factors include the attitude of government towards people, the level of democracy and political stability within a country. In Somalia, the government has been encouraging the existence of agencies that provide health care facilities. The government is taking steps in bringing down the mortality rate due to diseases (Aghaei et al. 2016). This would be helpful for the success of the free vaccination programme. Economic factors- These factors include the income distribution, economic condition of different segments of the population, purchasing power, rate of growth of the economy, inflation rate, exchange rate, etc. Since the income distribution is uneven, the lower segment of the population cannot afford healthcare facilities. The free vaccination programme will be very beneficial for the lower segment of the population. Socio- cultural factors- These factors include the perception of people towards themselves, traditions, beliefs, lifestyle of people and level of education. With due course of time, the literacy level is increasing in Somalia (Schferhoff 2014). People are becoming conscious of their lifestyle and their health. People are becoming aware of what is happening in other parts of the word. Since people are becoming conscious of their health, it would be easy to spread awareness about the programme. Technological factors- These factors include the amount of money spent on Research and Development, the rate at which innovations are happening and pace at which technological changes are being accepted. In Somalia, a lot of money is being invested in R and D especially in the field of healthcare. Internet penetration is increasing, and online marketing is gaining pace. Mobile applications are becoming very popular ("Measuring Advertising Effectiveness" 2016). Since people have access to the internet, online marketing can be used for the promotion of the campaign. Stakeholder analysis Public Relations is also a tool that can be used for strategic communication. Public Relations are used to increase awareness and improve perception. It is used to evaluate the attitude of the public and execute a program in order to gain acceptance of public. Public are the people with which an organization interacts- customers, employees, investor, suppliers, government organizations and non-governmental organizations. PR tools like a press conference, press release, and interaction with the target audience will be used (Wardlaw et al. 2010). National Health Authority of Somalia will have its website that will have all details of the free vaccination program. The internal stakeholders for this campaign are employees and people of the target audience. The external stakeholders for this campaign are media and specialized groups. Strategic goal setting It is very important to set objective in order to measure the impact of the communication plan. The main objective of this plan is to increase awareness among people regarding the availability of the vaccine against measles and encourage people to get their children vaccinated against measles. The goals for a communication plan should be SMART (Specific, Measurable Actionable Relevant Timely). The impact of the communication programme can be measured by calculating the % increase in children vaccinated against measles ("UNICEF- Immunization 2016). The outcomes of the goal can be measured quantitatively. The time constraint for measuring the impact of communication plan is 1 year. Targeting and positioning process Market segmentation is very important for making a strategic communication plan. Segmentation is a technique that is used to divide the entire market into small sections where people of one section have the same needs/ demands and responds in a similar way to a marketing action. Segmentation is done on the basis of geography, demography, behaviour, socioeconomic factors, psychological factors, and awareness. A market segment is selected as the target audience. For free vaccination programme, on the basis of geography more focus will be on people living in rural areas. On the basis of demography, people who are married and are falling in the age group of 18-40 years will be targeted (Wardlaw et al. 2010). Educated, as well as uneducated people, will be targeted. People living in rural, as well as urban areas, will be targeted. The Marketing communication mix will be used to position the free vaccination programme on the basis of long-run benefits of the vaccine. Design message The content and the presentation of the message play an important role in deciding the effectiveness of communication plan. The advertisements will have a message- Get your child vaccinated free of cost otherwise the disease may cost the life of your child. The message will have a visual where a mother is getting her child vaccinated. The message will have some facts like a number of deaths caused by measles in 1 year in Somalia and the age at which the vaccine should be taken. The message should be designed in such a way that it is powerful enough to leave a lasting impression on the minds of viewers. Development of IMC program Following are the tools that are used to accomplish the communication objectives that are set for a campaign: advertising, direct marketing, internet marketing, sales promotion, publicity/ public relations and personal selling. Integrated Marketing Communication means that different tools used to accomplish the communication objectives should convey the same meaning. For this campaign, advertisements, public relations, and internet marketing will be used. Thus both online and offline channels will be used for communication. Following are the advantages of PR programmes: Credibility: People consider PR communications to be more credible than advertisements (Watson 2013). For example, an article in the newspaper discussing the mortality rate due to measles and the availability of a vaccine to prevent measles will be perceived to be more credible than an advertisement on a billboard. Cost: Cost involved in PR activities will be less in comparison to the cost involved in advertising. Avoidance of clutter: People focus more on PR activities in comparison to advertisements because there is a lot of clutter in the advertisement world (Watson 2013). Implementation of communication strategies In advertisements, two different types of appeals are used: emotional and a rational appeal. In emotional appeal different emotions like fear, affection, nostalgia, pleasure, comfort, etc. is used, whereas in rational appeal only facts are stated (Barker 2013). For free vaccination programme emotional appeal (fear) will be used- if parents do not get their children vaccinated against measles, they may die due to this disease. The advertisements will have a message- Get your child vaccinated free of cost otherwise the disease may cost the life of your child. We can also ask a celebrity (actor or sports person) to be a part of the campaign (Barker 2013). Media planning needs to be done before promotional messages are directed towards the target audience. Following are the elements of the media plan: Medium: The medium (newspaper, magazines, radio, television) to be used for advertisements. For this campaign, television and newspaper will be used for advertising. Media vehicle: The specific that is to be used within a given medium. For this campaign, advertisements will be given in the Times Today newspaper, The Show and Relevant channels on television (Coman 2009). Frequency: It is the number of times the viewer is exposed to an advertisement. The advertisement will be given in the newspaper once in a week and once in 2 hours on television. For online marketing, social media like Facebook and Twitter will be used for the promotion of the campaign. Banner advertisements will appear once a person visits a website related to health and well-being (Coman 2009). Monitoring and evaluating the IMC program It is very important to assess the effectiveness of the communication mix because of the following reasons: A lot of costs are involved in the promotion of a campaign. If the campaign is not achieving its objectives, there is no point in spending money. If the chosen communication mix is unable to achieve its objectives, we can look for alternative communication strategies. Following techniques will be used to measure the effectiveness of advertisements: Awareness survey: Once people are exposed to advertisements regarding free vaccination campaign, surveys will be conducted at an interval of 2 months to measure the percentage increase in the people getting their children vaccinated against measles (Hegel Bucklin 2003). Recall test: A sample of the target audience will be taken and they will be asked to recall the message of the advertisement. Diagnostics: A sample of the target audience will be taken and their reactions towards the advertisement will be examined. Evaluation will also be done on how well the message has been communicated to the audience (Watson 2013). Following techniques will be used to measure the effectiveness of PR programs: Total number of impressions on the target audience over a given period of time i.e. 2 months Percentage of positive articles or posts over 2 months Percentage of negative articles or posts over 2 months Ratio of positive to negative articles or posts over 2 months The impact of online communication can be monitored by measuring the volume of visitors on the website of the National Health Authority of Somalia, number of posts on social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter (Hegel Bucklin 2003). References Aghaei, Mohammad, Amin Asadollahi, and Meysam Azizi Kouchaksaraei. 2016. "Design Development The IMC Model For Chain Store".IJBM11 (5): 315. doi:10.5539/ijbm.v11n5p315. Barker, Rachel. 2013. "Strategic Integrated Communication: An Alternative Perspective Of Integrated Marketing Communication?".Communicatio39 (1): 102-121. doi:10.1080/02500167.2013.741071. Bisht, Bandana. 2016. "Impact Of Multimedia Approach To An Awareness Program On Knowledge And Attitude Regarding Schizophrenia Among Students Of Selected University, Punjab".Intern. Jour. Psych. Nurs.2 (1): 82. doi:10.5958/2395-180x.2016.00015.3. Coman, Cristina. 2009. "Crisis In Health System - Communication Strategies, From Being Ignored To The Efficient Implementation.".MihXIII (3): 7-12. doi:10.5233/mih.2009.0011. Hegel, Susan L. and Carol A. Bucklin. 2003. "Benefits Of A Phonological Awareness Program For At-Risk Kindergarten Students: Review Of A Three-Year Study".Perspectives On School-Based Issues4 (1): 27. doi:10.1044/sbi4.1.27. Masadeh, Majed M, Karem H Alzoubi, Sayer I Al-Azzam, Hassan S Al-Agedi, Baraa E Abu Rashid, and Tariq L Mukattash. 2014. "Public Awareness Regarding Children Vaccination In Jordan".Human Vaccines Immunotherapeutics10 (6): 1762-1766. doi:10.4161/hv.28608. "Measuring Advertising Effectiveness". 2016.Managementstudyguide.Com. https://www.managementstudyguide.com/advertising-effectiveness.htm. Morin, Alyssa, Thomas Lematre, Anne Farrands, Nathalie Carrier, and Arnaud Gagneur. 2012. "Maternal Knowledge, Attitudes And Beliefs Regarding Gastroenteritis And Rotavirus Vaccine Before Implementing Vaccination Program: Which Key Messages In Light Of A New Immunization Program?".Vaccine30 (41): 5921-5927. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.050. Schferhoff, Marco. 2014. "External Actors And The Provision Of Public Health Services In Somalia".Governance27 (4): 675-695. doi:10.1111/gove.12071. "UNICEF - Immunization - Why Are Children Dying?". 2016.Unicef.Org. https://www.unicef.org/immunization/index_why.html. Wardlaw, Tessa, Peter Salama, Clarissa Brocklehurst, Mickey Chopra, and Elizabeth Mason. 2010. "Diarrhoea: Why Children Are Still Dying And What Can Be Done".The Lancet375 (9718): 870-872. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61798-0. Watson, Diane. 2013. "The National Health Performance Authority".Med J Aust198 (3): 133. doi:10.5694/mja13.10097.